Varicose veins are a common pathological process, which is accompanied by varicose veins, nodules and blood stasis. Internal varicose veins in the legs are characterized by the nodular structure of the venous vessels in the epidermis. In the early stage of the disease, there are no symptoms. Many people have doubts about how to treat this disease.
What is this disease?
Varicose veins in the lower extremities are a very dangerous disease that can be fatal. This is a pathological damage to the organs of the circulatory system. With the complication of the disease, there is an irreversible process of stretching and stretching the veins.
Nodules begin to form in capillaries that impede normal blood flow. With the varicose veins of the deep veins, the vessel walls expand so much that the valve's function worsens. Therefore, blood begins to stagnate in the legs.The disease mainly affects people aged 30 to 40 years.
Reasons for development
The causes of this disease can be very different. Among them are:
- hereditary factors (possible congenital anomaly or venous cell weakness);
- is more common in females (in women, the disease is seen much more frequently due to the use of hormonal drugs, the risk also increases due to delayed childbirth);
- increased pressure in the veins (this is due to an inactive lifestyle, in the presence of excess weight);
- the presence of neuroendocrine changes; mechanical obstacles to normal blood circulation (this can be facilitated by constant compression of the limbs);
- the presence of allergic reactions;
- changes in the immune system;
- disturbances in the functioning of the valves of the venous system;
- this pathology can start to develop due to cellulite or dermatitis.
Before starting treatment, it is imperative to determine the root cause of the disease. An experienced phlebologist will help you do this.
Symptoms and manifestations of internal varicose veins
It is important to see a doctor in time,if there are varicose veins in the lower extremities. The symptoms of this disease only at the beginning of the varicose veins will be as follows:
- there is swelling of the extremities at the end of the day(this symptom is seen in the ankles and feet, edema can also appear in the lower half of the leg);
- the patient develops a feeling of heaviness in the area of the calf muscles(a feeling of fullness occurs after a long walk or standing; this symptom can appear after a long stay in the sitting position).
A characteristic of this disease is the fact thatafter resting, all symptoms disappear without a trace. It also shrinks after a long rest.
During the period of gradual development of varicose veins, the following symptoms will begin to appear:
- in the area of the calf muscles, moderate pain begins to appear, these pains are opaque and painful;
- local burning sensation and fatigue;
- excessive skin dryness appears, pigment spots and skin tightening begin to appear;
- cramps often at night;
- spider veins begin to appear in the epidermis;
- the internal veins of the legs, the photos of which are presented below, begin to expand significantly, looking like bunches of grapes;
- it is possible to form subtle wounds that heal over a long period of time.
Important!The early treatment of this disease for the patient can bring a series of complications. In some cases, a lethal outcome is possible.
After a period of time, eczema and trophic ulcers begin to appear. These symptoms easily turn into gangrene. All of this can cause limb amputation, sepsis or death.
The most dangerous consequence is the occurrence of a thrombus, with its subsequent separation. This becomes the patient's death.
The symptoms and treatment of latent varicose veins is the issue that most concerns patients.
Treatment methods
The treatment of varicose veins is performed conservatively and quickly. The treatment of the internal veins of the legs, whose symptoms can manifest in different ways, is carried out only after the preliminary diagnosis.The following techniques can be used:
- compression; scleropathy
- ;
- medicament;
- surgical.
Compression methodscures help to deal with the disease in its early stage. This method of therapy involves the daily use of special compression underwear.
In case of scleropathy, a vein is blocked. This is due to the introduction of scleral preparations. After these actions, the blood can move easily through the capillaries without difficulty.
Conservative healing is effective only if the first signs of the disease appear. Of the drugs, venotonics are prescribed to patients. They help to strengthen the blood vessel walls as much as possible.
Self-treatment of internal varicose veins is prohibited, the symptoms of which may be mild and vice versa.
Prevention
In order to prevent the formation of varicose processes, it is imperative to know the causes of this disease and prevent its development. Preventive measures are as follows:
- constant physical activity is necessary (People who lead an inactive life are much more susceptible to the disease. take breaks from time to time, get up and exercise so that the blood circulates normally. );
- when sitting it is forbidden to cross your legs;
- give up all bad habits;
- pay attention to your diet, refuse too much fat and salty;
- to take therapeutic measures in relation to endocrine diseases, lead to the development of varicose veins;
- wear only wide shoes that do not tighten (it is necessary to guarantee the free circulation of blood, in addition to being restricted to shoes with heels);
- bathing in the sea, but it is necessary to eliminate solar overheating.
Conclusion
It should be noted that if at least one symptom of this disease manifests, it is necessary to consult a specialist urgently. The doctor will prescribe diagnostic procedures and indicate the appropriate treatment. The delay threatens complications.
From the above, we can summarize that hidden varicose veins are a very dangerous disease that can have undesirable consequences. That is why when at least one symptom appears, it is necessary to seek help from a doctor. Only a specialist can select the necessary treatment.
Internal varicose veins in the legs: symptoms and treatment
The geography of the spread of varicose veins covers almost all countries in the world, it is one of the oldest diseases known to mankind. According to medical statistics, varicose veins in the lower extremities and pelvic organs occur in 15-17% of the population. Today, patients with this diagnosis represent about 4% of all patients in surgical clinics. According to scientists, this disease is a kind of payment for humanity for the ability to walk upright. Let's examine what internal varicose veins are, the main symptoms of the disease and effective treatment.
Explanation of the appearance of the disease
The development of internal varicose veins in the legs is one of the most dangerous types of the disease, which manifests itself in the pathological expansion of blood vessels located in the deeper layers of the skin in the tissues.
This disease, unfortunately, frequently affects young people of working age and, in women, symptoms are much more common. Internal varicose veins in the legs are usually accompanied by an external varicose vein in the form of strongly protruding tuberous veins with a pronounced cyanotic tone.
These symptoms of varicose veins make treatment difficult. The appearance of legs with varicose veins is featured in numerous pictures from medical sites.
The dilation of venous vessels in the legs can be an independent pathology, but most of the time it is caused by other diseases and, therefore, in modern medicine it is common to divide varicose veins into primary and secondary ones. The cause of the primary varicose veins in the deep veins of the legs is the weakening of the venous wall or its functional pathologies, these reasons also cause the varicose veins of Organs pelvic organs. Among the main causes of the disease are:
- Pregnancy.
- Overweight, morbid obesity.
- Extended load on the lower extremities, constant work on the legs or associated with constant weight lifting.
- Hereditary or congenital weakness of connective tissue of various organs.
- Long walk in high heels and a half with tight elastics
- In elderly patients, the formation of internal varicose veins can be caused by hormonal changes in the body.
The development of secondary internal varicose veins is a consequence of changes in the process of leaving venous blood in various diseases:
- Post-thrombophlebic syndrome.
- Deep venous valve failure.
- Tumors of organs of various etiologies.
- Injuries to limbs and other organs.
The treatment of primary and secondary varicose veins is different.
Key features
The consequences of internal varicose veins not detected in a timely manner can be very serious, so it is necessary to pay attention to the first symptoms of the disease, especially because, in comparison with other forms of the disease, they manifest themselves very clearly visually. The main symptoms of the internal varicose veins of the lower extremities are manifested as follows:
- The pain in the calf muscles is very severe, often unbearable to the point that the patient is forced to take strong pain medications regularly. These symptoms are cause for immediate medical attention.
- The venous pattern in the lower extremities in the thigh region becomes pronounced, the vessels become strongly convex and tuberous, they are easily identified by palpation.
- The venous pattern takes on a cyanotic color, sometimes becoming black, sometimes crimson red.
- The lower extremities are very swollen and the swelling does not subside after a night's sleep.
- At night, after a day of standing, the patient frequently experiences cramps in the calf muscles.
All of these symptoms significantly worsen the patient's quality of life and require immediate medical attention, sometimes it is just surgical treatment of the veins.
Clinical presentation
The severity of the symptoms of the internal varicose veins depends on the stage of the disease.
In the initial stage, no pathological changes are detected in the walls of the blood vessels, patients experience swelling in the legs at the end of the working day and weight in the legs, but after a night of rest, these unpleasant sensations disappear.
Some patients have a slight doughiness; this stage of the disease is called "intradermal varicose veins". If treatment is started at this stage of the disease, the prognosis is very favorable, since the valve system of the veins has not yet been altered and can withstand the burden, the pathological symptoms will disappear quickly.
In the second stage of the disease, edema of the lower limbs becomes permanent, patients complain of constant weight in the legs and increased fatigue. The manifestations of internal varicose veins at this stage of the disease are also indicated by constant cramps in the calf muscles and cold limbs.
A photo in medical publications shows that blood vessels begin to appear on the skin on the inside of the thigh, but the areas of their appearance are not painful on palpation. At this stage, the formation of varicose veins begins, and there may be bleeding from them.
These symptoms intensify very quickly and, if there is no treatment, the disease progresses to the next stage.
The third stage of varicose veins in the legs is already well defined visually, this can be seen in the photo from several medical sources.
Varicose veins and saccular dilations caused by severe circulatory disorders are already well defined under the calf skin and inner thigh.
In this phase, in addition to the appearance of nodules, the patient presents fragility and shedding, dry skin, constant cramps in the calf muscles.
The fourth stage of the disease already causes serious complications (bleeding, ulcers, etc. ), which can be fatal. You need to start treating the disease immediately, without waiting for formidable symptoms.
Complications
This includes the following:
Trophic ulcers of the skin of the legs.
This is a very painful complication for the patient, since trophic ulcers heal very slowly and the patient feels constant itching and burning where they are located.
The photo clearly shows that the ulcers are round in shape, brightly colored and with different types of secretions secreted: purulent, hemorrhagic or serous. They appear on the calves and the inner thigh.
With competent and timely therapy, ulcer healing begins, but if there is no help or it is not provided in a qualified manner, the patient may develop gangrene followed by amputation of the limb. Death is also possible.
Traumatic bleeding.
Heavy bleeding may be due to a ruptured vessel due to the narrowing of the venous wall due to the constant increase in blood pressure or due to minor trauma. This syndrome is especially dangerous because bleeding can lead to the patient's death.
Thrombosis is a consequence of congestion and inflammation of the veins of the lower extremities. Thrombosis can be manifested visually only by swelling in the legs and severe pain.
With the formation of external venous nodules, thrombosis is accompanied by severe pain in the area of thrombus formation, sensitivity of the veins to palpation and fever in the area of thrombosis.
Thrombosis is very dangerous for the patient's life and requires urgent hospitalization and treatment, as it can cause a heart attack and blockage of the pulmonary artery in the patient.
Principles of therapy
It is very difficult to treat internal varicose veins in the legs, and the effectiveness of therapy depends a lot on the stage of the disease.
The general principles of disease treatment include normalizing hormone levels, optimizing physical activity and adhering to the diet.
If the patient is obese, it is necessary to develop a weight loss method and monitor its implementation. To normalize the vascular tone of the lower extremities, the use of compression stockings is recommended.
The most effective treatment method is surgery, the technique of which is well developed in modern surgery. A possible complication of the operation is bleeding from a vein, but the risk is low.
If for some reason surgical intervention is impossible, for example, if the patient fears that life-threatening bleeding begins, treatment is performed clinically using the following groups of drugs:
- Antiplatelet agents - to make blood more fluid and prevent blood clots.
- Phlebotonics - to normalize blood circulation and prevent edema.
- Nitrates - to relieve pain symptoms.
- Angioprotectors - to normalize vascular tone.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - to reduce the possibility of platelet adhesion and to relieve pain.
Many sources recommend treating varicose veins with folk remedies, on the Internet you can find many pictures of calves and thighs in the "before" and "after" style on sites that advertise traditional medicine and guarantee 100% recovery. Doctors are very suspicious of these drugs and warn that they can only be used as part of complex therapy.
Internal varicose veins in the lower extremities are a serious systemic disease that requires adequate and qualified treatment. The first alarming symptoms cannot be ignored. The sooner the patient sees a doctor, the more effective the treatment will be.
Main characteristic symptoms
Experts distinguish three stages of varicose veins in the lower limbs - compensation, subcompensation and decompensation.
Respectively they correspond to light, medium and severe course. In some cases, more than a year passes between the onset of the disease and the onset of symptoms.
There is practically nothing to worry about when clearing. During severe overvoltage of the body, minor pain in the limbs is possible. Distal edema that disappears after sleep.
Some people report the feeling that spiders or chills are running down their legs. This is a consequence of decreased blood flow and tissue trophism.
The apparatus of the deep venous valve is almost intact. Superficial changes visible in the skin and veins are generally not observed.
Undercompensation is characterized by a more severe clinical picture. The pains come more and moreThey use sharp dagger pain. A common touch can end up being hard work.
Patients cannot walk normally. The normal shopping trip is debugged until the end.
The legs swell a lot, exceeding the normal leg volume by one and a half times. Often, this swelling does not subside, even after prolonged sleep. Traces of depressed fingers remain on the shins. Many people notice cramps in the calf muscles.
During decompensation, there are often signs of bleeding, thrombophlebitis and thrombosis, trophic ulcers.
Complications arising from the development of internal varicose veins
The most common complication of varicose veins is bleeding. If not diagnosed in a timely manner, it can be fatal. Even a little bleeding from the varicose veins in the lower extremities can cause irreparable damage. The interruption of such a defect with a conventional pressure bandage generally fails. Many surgeons come for vessel ligation or clotting.
The second most frequent complication is the addition of infections with the development of trophic ulcers. Due to the decrease in tissue trophism, abscesses take a long time to heal, forming a chronic purulent focus.
It is accompanied by general intoxication of the body, feverish temperature, profuse sweating. These wounds take a long time to heal. It depends on the degree of tissue trophic disorder and the depth of the lesion.
Ulcers should not be bandaged frequently, as this can cause scabs that have started to form and lead to the formation of an open wound.
The next most common complication is deep vein thrombosis. With impaired motor function, blood becomes stagnant and the risk of a blood clot increases, which in turn can cause pulmonary embolism.
Vascular surgeons are more afraid of a floating thrombus, as it is the distal part of it that tends to break and lead to embolism.
Treatment methods
The treatment of internal varicose veins in the lower extremities occurs in several stages.
Drug therapy is the most popular direction that can be used in all stages of varicose veins, as well as in the prevention of vascular problems.
The basis of conservative treatment is the ingestion of venotonic drugs. They help to strengthen the vascular wall, increase its elasticity and reduce blood stagnation. It is best to apply them both internally and externally to the injury site.
There are several classes of underwear used for different stages of the disease. Many models will be able to satisfy the individual desire of each person, I have only positive reviews.
When worn under clothing, it does not cause discomfort or irritation.
Adequate and balanced nutrition is one of the important points in the treatment of varicose veins of the lower limbs. It is necessary to limit yourself radically to the consumption of salt and large amounts of liquids. It is desirable to use natural fruit juices and drinks.
Nutrition should strictly correspond to a person's energy consumption and contain less calories to avoid being overweight. You should limit yourself to consuming fatty and fried, spicy and sour foods. It is necessary to give preference to vegetables and fruits. Include seafood, fermented milk dishes and products containing digestible carbohydrates in the diet.
If conservative therapy methods are ineffective, they resort to surgical techniques. These include invasive and minimally invasive treatments.
Pathology prevention
Knowing the dangers of deep varicose veins, many wish to prevent its occurrence in advance. To do this, you don't have to follow strict rules, just bring your lifestyle back to normal.
The main preventive measure is regular practice of viable physical activity.
You can do gymnastics, yoga, walk, swim or even dance to reduce the risk of many illnesses.
Furthermore, it is advisable to give up bad habits completely or at least partially. It is recommended to regulate work and rest times to give the body at least a short break.
It would be useful to adjust the diet, except fried, fatty, smoked, preserved, very spicy or salty foods. You need to eat more fruits and vegetables.
Regular contrast showers and relaxing foot baths are good preventive measures.